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Athletic Training & Sports Medicine Center

Examination Links:

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Alphabetical Listing
of Examinations
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Head

Cervical Spine

Thoracic Spine

Lumbar Spine

Shoulder

Elbow & Radioulnar

Wrist

Hand & Fingers

Sacroiliac Joint

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Ipsilateral Prone Kinetic Test
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FABER Test
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Passive Extension & Internal 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

Passive Flexion & External 
Rotation of Ilium on Sacrum

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Passive External Rotation 
of Hip
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Pelvic Rocking Test
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Gapping Test
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Prone Gapping (Hibb's) Test
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Approximation Test
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Squish Test
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Sacroiliac Rocking Test
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Sacral Apex Pressure Test
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Torsion Stress Test
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Femoral Shear Test
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Superoinferior Symphysis
Pubic Stress Test

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Piedallu's Sign
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Flamingo Maneuver or Test
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Gaenslen's Sign
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Mazion's Pelvic Maneuver
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Yeoman's Test
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Sit-up Test
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Hip & Thigh

Knee

Lower Leg

Ankle

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Foot
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Morton Test
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Range of Motion
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Goniometry
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Manual Muscle Testing
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Reflexes
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Vital Signs
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Body Composition
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Varus Stress (Elbow) at 90⁰

Examination type

Joint stability, ligamentous laxity

Patient & Body Segment Positioning

The patient is sitting upright, with elbow flexed (90 degrees). Patient does not resist or assist any movement. It is also recommended that the humerus be in full medial rotation.

Examiner Position

The examiner should face the patient while standing on the side of the affected elbow with one hand cupping the elbow (heel of hand on medial side of elbow with fingers on lateral side) for support while the other hand is placed at the patient’s wrist to provide force.

Tissues Being Tested

Lateral collateral ligament

Performing the Test

Cup the posterior aspect of the patients elbow in one hand and hold the patients wrist in the other. The hand on the elbow will act as a fulcrum around which the examiner’s other hand will apply force. With the elbow extended to 90 degrees, force the forearm medially which will place stress on the lateral side of the elbow.

Positive Test

Lack of a firm end feel or extra joint opening as compared bilaterally

Interpretation

Possible sprain (stretching or even tear) of the lateral collateral ligament

Common errors in performing exam

Not enough pressure applied to the wrist to observe opening at the elbow

Factors possibly resulting in misinterpretation

Pre-existing joint hyper-mobility

Related tests

Varus stress test at 30⁰

References

Magee, David J. (2002). Orthopedic Physical Assessment. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier

Links:

http://www.aafp.org/afp/20000201/691.html

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